Lisdoonvarna: The Spa Wells and the Matchmaking Festival

Lisdoonvarna is a spa town, and the reason it exists is underneath it: mineral springs rising out of the Burren limestone, the Twin Wells running iron and sulphur side by side, with the main sulphur well at the bottom of the hill and all of the waters carrying iodine. The spa opened officially in 1845, though people were taking the waters before that, and the wells were owned by the Guthrie family until they were sold to a Dr Westropp, who developed them and built the baths; the Victorian pump house still stands in the spa park where the Aille and Gowlaun rivers meet. The town has held its matchmaking festival each September for well over 160 years, a month long and drawing upwards of 40,000 people, which makes it one of the largest events of its kind in Europe.